Working memory
작업 기억
The ability to hold and manipulate the information needed right now. Its capacity is small.
Baddeley and Hitch described working memory as a phonological loop, a visuospatial sketchpad and a central executive (1974).
A child's working memory is smaller than an adult's. Give three instructions at once and only the last survives; spend it all on decoding and no meaning remains.
Materials lower the load by doing one thing per page, giving one instruction at a time, and showing examples as pictures rather than sentences.
- CapacitySmaller in children. One instruction at a time.
- LinkLowering cognitive load is what makes material good.