Mastery learning and the 2 sigma problem
완전학습과 2시그마 문제
Also known as: Bloom's 2 sigma problem
Letting a learner master one step before moving on. Combined with one to one tutoring it produced a large achievement gap in Bloom's report.
In a 1984 paper Bloom reported that students taught one to one with mastery learning outperformed 98% of a conventional class on average, and named the challenge of reproducing that in ordinary classrooms the 2 sigma problem.
The number should not be read as a promise: conditions and subjects were limited and replication is debated. The direction, though, is clear. Adapting to one learner changes outcomes.
Since a tutor cannot sit beside every child, how much of that role materials and software can carry is edtech's long standing question.
- Mastery learningA design that requires the current step to be learned well before the next begins.
- Misreading2 sigma is not a figure that any personalized product guarantees.