Retrieval practice
인출 연습
Also known as: testing effect
Practising by pulling information out of memory instead of rereading it. For the same time spent it lasts longer than restudying.
Roediger and Karpicke made the case that testing is a learning tool, not only an assessment tool, because the act of retrieval rewrites the memory.
A frequently cited experiment had students learn Swahili vocabulary. Those who kept retrieving words they had already answered correctly remembered about 80% a week later, while those who only restudied them remembered about 36% (Karpicke and Roediger, 2008).
For young children a game does the same work as a quiz. Picking a word for a picture or matching a sound to an image are both acts of retrieval.
- Common mistakeDropping items once they are correct. In the experiment, continuing to retrieve correct items is what held memory.
- Applying itOnce on the day, once a few days later, once a week later.